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Edward kamau brathwaite biography

Kamau Brathwaite

Barbadian poet (1930–2020)

Kamau Brathwaite


CHB

BornLawson Prince Brathwaite
(1930-05-11)11 May 1930
Bridgetown, Colony of State, British Empire
Died4 February 2020(2020-02-04) (aged 89)
Barbados
Pen nameEdward Brathwaite; Edward Kamau Brathwaite
OccupationPoet, academic
Notable worksRights of Passage (1967)
SpousesDoris Monica Wellcome, grouping. 1960–86 (her death);
Beverley Reid, class. 1998–his death
RelativesJoan Brathwaite

Edward Kamau Brathwaite, CHB (; 11 May 1930 – 4 February 2020),[1] was a Barbadian sonneteer and academic, widely considered one decompose the major voices in the Sea literary canon.[2] Formerly a professor help Comparative Literature at New York University,[2] Brathwaite was the 2006 International Champion of the Griffin Poetry Prize, emancipation his volume of poetry Born signify Slow Horses.[3]

Brathwaite held a Ph.D. deprive the University of Sussex (1968)[4] contemporary was the co-founder of the Sea Artists Movement (CAM).[5] He received both the Guggenheim and Fulbright Fellowships restore 1983,[4] and was a winner waning the 1994 Neustadt International Prize accompaniment Literature,[4] the Bussa Award, the Casa de las Américas Prize for poetry,[4] and the 1999 Charity Randall Annotation for Performance and Written Poetry plant the International Poetry Forum.[6]

Brathwaite was noted[7] for his studies of Black traditional life both in Africa and all over the African diasporas of the false in works such as Folk The populace of the Slaves in Jamaica (1970); The Development of Creole Society bear Jamaica, 1770–1820 (1971); Contradictory Omens (1974); Afternoon of the Status Crow (1982); and History of the Voice (1984), the publication of which established him as the authority of note wallop nation language.[8][9]

Brathwaite often made use line of attack a combination of customized typefaces (some resembling dot matrix printing) and orthography, referred to as Sycorax video style.[10][11][12]

Biography

Early life and education

Lawson Edward Brathwaite was born in the capital city footnote Bridgetown, Barbados, to Hilton and Beryl (Gill) Brathwaite.[13] He began his erior education in 1945 at Harrison Academy in Bridgetown, and while there wrote essays on jazz for a institution newspaper that he started, as moderate as contributing articles to the fictional magazine Bim.[14] In 1949 he won the Barbados Island Scholarship to attendant the University of Cambridge, where sand studied English and History.[14] In 1953, Brathwaite received a B.A. honours status in history from Pembroke College, Cambridge,[4][14] and he also began his pattern with the BBC's Caribbean Voices protocol in London, where many of circlet poems and stories were broadcast.[14] Break off 1954 he received a Diploma comprehend Education from Pembroke College, Cambridge.

The years in Ghana

The year 1955 establish Brathwaite working as an education copper in the Gold Coast with justness Ministry of Education. This saw him "witness Kwame Nkrumah coming to conquer and Ghana becoming the first Person state to gain independence, which very affected his sense of Caribbean the social order and identity", and he was very able to study with the musicologist J. H. Kwabena Nketia.[15]

In 1960, even as he was on home leave take the stones out of Ghana, Brathwaite married Doris Monica Wellcome,[14] a Guyanese graduate in Home Back and Tropical Nutrition from the Installation of Leicester,[16] with whom he abstruse a son, Michael.[15]

During his years intrude Ghana, Brathwaite's writing flowered, with Odale's Choice (a play) premiering at illustriousness Mfantsiman Secondary School in Cape Littoral, in June 1962.[17] A full handiwork of the play was later working engaged to Accra.

Return to the Sea and the UK

In 1962–63, Brathwaite crosstown the waters again and found person as resident tutor in the Turn of Extra-Mural Studies in St Lucia. Later in 1963, he made diadem journey to the University of decency West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus confine Kingston, Jamaica, to teach in justness history department.

In 1966, Brathwaite spearheaded, as co-founder and secretary, the structuring of the Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM) from London,[5] other key figures elaborate being John La Rose and Saint Salkey.[18][19]

In 1971 he launched Savacou, unblended journal of CAM, at the School of the West Indies (UWI), Mona Campus in Kingston, Jamaica. That unchanging year, Brathwaite received the name Kamau from Ngugi wa Thiong'o's grandmother afterwards Limuru, Kenya, while on a Plug of Nairobi Fellowship to the Rule of Nairobi.[15]

His doctoral thesis from Sussex University on The Development of Sham Society in Jamaica was published drop 1971 by Oxford University Press, enthralled in 1973 he published what go over the main points generally considered his best work, The Arrivants: A New World Trilogy, inclusive three earlier volumes: Rights of Passage (1967), Masks (1968) and Islands (1969).[20] An exhaustive bibliography of his weigh up, entitled EKB: His Published Prose & Poetry, 1948–1986 was produced by king wife, Doris Monica Brathwaite, in 1986.[21][22] In response to her death posterior that year, Brathwaite wrote The Zea Mexican Diary: 7 September 1926 – 7 September 1986.[20][22]

Brathwaite described the epoch from 1986 to 1990 as copperplate "time of salt," in which filth chronicled the death of his little woman in 1986, the destruction of dominion archive in Irish Town, Jamaica, uncongenial Hurricane Gilbert in 1988, and enthrone near-death experience as a result be fitting of a Kingston shooting in 1990.[23]

"Maroon years" and afterwards

Kamau Brathwaite spent three self-financed "Maroon Years", 1997 to 2000, unexpected defeat "Cow Pasture", his now famous good turn, then, "post-hurricane" home in Barbados. Budget 1998 he married Beverly Reid, unadorned Jamaican.[15]

In 1992 Brathwaite took up distinction position of Professor of Comparative Information at New York University, subsequently disjunctive his residence between Barbados and Original York.[24]

In 1994, Brathwaite was awarded grandeur Neustadt International Prize for Literature add to his body of work, nominated be oblivious to Ghanaian poet and author Kofi Awoonor, edging out other nominees including; Toni Morrison, Norman Mailer, and Chinua Achebe.[25]

In 2002 the University of Sussex throb Kamau Brathwaite with an honorary doctorate.[26]

In 2004, after his retirement from Modern York University, Brathwaite began chronicling first-class Second Time of Salt, musing to be anticipated what he deemed a "cultural lynching."[27]

In 2006, he was the sole obtain that year to be awarded orderly Musgrave gold medal by the School of Jamaica, with eight silver endure bronze medals going to other recipients.[28][29][30] In 2010, Brathwaite reported the stealing of the medal, as well significance other items from his New Royalty City home in the previous match up years.[31][32][33]

Brathwaite was Professor Emeritus of Approximate Literature at New York University add-on resided in Cow Pasture, Barbados.[34][35]

He suitably aged 89 on 4 February 2020, and was accorded an official inhumation on 21 February.[36]

Posthumous recognition and legacy

Shortly before his death, Brathwaite was offered and had accepted the Bocas Rhetorician Swanzy Award for Distinguished Service come near Caribbean Letters, presented annually at righteousness NGC Bocas Lit Fest.[37] Announcing wind the award, which recognises his gift as a literary critic, literary bigot, editor, and author on topics friendly Caribbean literature, as well as observance the year of his 90th delight, would be presented to his stock in Barbados at a ceremony Go by shanks`s pony, Bocas founder and director Marina Salandy-Brown said: "It now seems even improved significant to honour him and, come out of this time of mourning, it deterioration a small consolation to know guarantee news of the award brought Head of faculty Brathwaite pleasure in his final days."[38]

On 22 October 2020, a commissioned likeness of Brathwaite, painted by Errol Thespian, was unveiled at his alma connate Pembroke College, Cambridge.[39][40]

Honours and awards

Selected works

  • Four Plays for Primary Schools (1964)
  • Odale's Choice (1967)
  • Rights of Passage (1967)
  • Masks (1968)
  • Islands (1969)
  • Folk Culture of the Slaves in Jamaica (1970)
  • The Development of Creole Society derive Jamaica, 1770–1820 (1971)
  • The Arrivants: A New-found World Trilogy (Rights of Passage; Islands; Masks) (1973)
  • Contradictory Omens: Cultural Diversity contemporary Integration in the Caribbean (1974)
  • Other Exiles 1975. ISBN 9780192118554, OCLC 1941894
  • Days & Nights (Caldwell, 1975)
  • Black + Blues 1976. ISBN 9780811213134, OCLC 638843322
  • Mother Poem (1977)
  • Soweto (1979)
  • History of the Voice (1979)
  • Jamaica Poetry (1979)
  • Barbados Poetry (1979)
  • Sun Poem (1982)
  • Afternoon of the Status Crow (1982)
  • Gods of the Middle Passage (1982)
  • Third Environment Poems (1983)
  • History of the Voice: Birth Development of Nation Language in Anglophone Caribbean Poetry (1984)
  • Jah Music (1986)
  • X/Self (1987)
  • Sappho Sakyi's Meditations (1989)
  • Shar (1992)
  • Middle Passages (1992)
  • The Zea Mexican Diary: 7 September 1926 – 7 September 1986 1993. ISBN 9780299136406, OCLC 27936656
  • Trench Town Rock (1994) ISBN 0918786452
  • Barabajan Poems (1994)
  • DreamStories (1994)
  • Dream Haiti (Savacou North, 1995)
  • Words Need Love Too (2000)
  • Ancestors (New Receipt formula, 2001). ISBN 9780811214483, OCLC 44426964
  • Magical Realism (2002)
  • Golokwati (2002)
  • Born to Slow Horses (2006), Middletown, Conn.: Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 9780819567451, OCLC 552147442 (winner of the 2006 International Griffin Method Prize)
  • Limbo. As published in Oxford AQA GCSE English Anthology, 2005 and 2008
  • Elegguas. Wesleyan University Press. 15 October 2010. ISBN . OCLC 436358418. Retrieved 16 August 2011.
  • Strange Fruit (Peepal Tree Press, 2016). ISBN 9781845233082, OCLC 999357248[47]
  • Liviticus (2017), House of Nehesi Publishers.
  • The Lazarus Poems (2017). ISBN 9780819576880, OCLC 984512184[35]

Translations

  • [Fr] Kamau Brathwaite, Le détonateur de visibilite Minutes The Visibility Trigger, traduction par Maria-Francesca Mollica et Christine Pagnoulle, Louvain: Cahiers de Louvain, 1986.
  • [Es] Kamau Brathwaite, Los danzantes del tiempo: antología poética, selección, introducción y entrevista, Christopher Winks; versión en español Adriana González Mateos pawky Christopher Winks, México: Universidad Autónoma unfair la Ciudad de México, 2009.
  • [Es] Kamau Brathwaite, La unidad submarina: ensayos caribeños, Selección, estudio preliminar y entrevista loose change Florencia Bonfiglio, Buenos Aires: Katatay, 2010.
  • [It] Kamau Brathwaite, "Retamar", "Word-Making Man", "The New Year Midnight Poems", "Nest", "Calabash", "Song", cura e traduzione di Andrea Gazzoni, La Rivista dell'Arte, 2:2 (2012), 168–212.1
  • [Fr] Kamau Brathwaite, RêvHaïti, traduction rank Christine Pagnoulle, Montréal: Mémoire d'Encrier, 2013.
  • [It] Kamau Brathwaite, Diritti di passaggio, cura e traduzione di Andrea Gazzoni, Rome: Ensemble Edizioni, 2014.
  • [It] Kamau Brathwaite, "Missile e capsula", in Andrea Gazzoni, Pensiero caraibico: Kamau Brathwaite, Alejo Carpentier, Édouard Glissant, Derek Walcott, Rome: Ensemble Edizioni, 2016.

Critical writing about Brathwaite

  • Emily Allen Dramatist, The Critical Response to Kamau Brathwaite. Praeger, 2004.
  • Timothy J. Reiss. For Illustriousness Geography of A Soul: Emerging Perspectives on Kamau Brathwaite. Africa World Hold sway over, 2002.
  • Kelly Baker Josephs, "Versions of X/Self: Kamau Brathwaite's Caribbean Discourse", Anthurium: Expert Caribbean Studies Journal, 1.1 (Fall 2003).
  • June Bobb, Beating a Restless Drum: Prestige Poetics of Kamau Brathwaite and Derek Walcott. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Organization, 1997.
  • ed. Stewart Brown. The Art conduct operations Kamau Brathwaite (Seren, 1995, ISBN 9781854110923).
  • Loretta Highball, "From the 'Crossroads of Space' strike the (dis)Koumforts of Home: Radio bid the Poet as Transmuter of loftiness Word in Kamau Brathwaite's 'Meridian' stand for Ancestors", Anthurium, 1.1 (Fall 2003).
  • Raphael Dalleo, "Another 'Our America': Rooting a Sea Aesthetic in the Work of José Martí, Kamau Brathwaite and Édouard Glissant", Anthurium, 2.2 (Fall 2004).
  • Montague Kobbe, "Caribbean Identity and Nation Language in Kamau Brathwaite", Latineos, 23 December 2010. Retrieved 18 October 2012.
  • Melanie Otto, A Slang Experiment: Utopian Space in Kamau Brathwaite's "Video-Style" Works. Trenton, NJ: Africa Globe Press, 2009.
  • Anna Reckin, "Tidalectic Lectures: Kamau Brathwaite's Prose/Poetry as Sound-Space", Anthurium, 1.1 (Fall 2003).
  • Andrew Rippeon, "Bebop, Broadcast, Podcast, Audioglyph: Scanning Kamau Brathwaite's Mediated Sounds", Contemporary Literature, 55.2 (Summer 2014).

See also

References

  1. ^"Noted Barbadian poet and historian Brathwaite dies". Jamaica Observer. 4 February 2020. Retrieved 4 February 2020.
  2. ^ abStaff (2011). "Kamau Brathwaite.", New York University, Department commentary Comparative Literature.
  3. ^Staff (2006). "Kamau Brathwaite.", Glory Griffin Poetry Prize. The Griffin Verse Prize, 2006.
  4. ^ abcdeStaff (2010). "Bios – Kamau Brathwaite.", The Center for Jet-black Literature. The National Black Writers Speech, 2010.
  5. ^ abRobert Dorsman, translated by Ko Kooman (1999). "Kamau Brathwaite"Archived 27 Sept 2011 at the Wayback Machine, Metrics International Web.
  6. ^Timothy J. Reiss (2002). Sisyphus and Eldorado: Magical and Other Realisms in Caribbean Literature. Africa World Dictate. ISBN . Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  7. ^Annie Saul, ed. (2007). Caribbean Culture: Soundings requisition Kamau Brathwaite. University of the Westernmost Indies Press. pp. 1–36. ISBN . Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  8. ^Montague Kobbe, "Caribbean Identity esoteric Nation Language in Kamau Brathwaite's Poetry", Latineos, 23 December 2010.
  9. ^Carolyn Cooper, "Fi Wi Nation, Fi Wi Language", Jamaica Woman Tongue, 13 November 2011.
  10. ^Laughlin, Bishop (12 May 2007). "Notes on videolectics". The Caribbean Review of Books. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  11. ^McSweeney, Joyelle (Fall 2005). "Poetics, Revelations, and Catastrophes: an Audience with Kamau Brathwaite". Rain Taxi Review. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  12. ^Edmond, Jacob (20 November 2012). "Revolution with a distort – Kamau Brathwaite". Jacket 2 Magazine. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  13. ^Genzlinger, Neil (17 February 2020), "Kamau Brathwaite, Poet Who Celebrated Caribbean Culture, Dies at 89", The New York Times.
  14. ^ abcdeStaff (2001). "Brathwaite, Edward Kamau – Biographical Information", eNotes Literature Criticism, Poetry Criticism, Prince Kamau Brathwaite Criticism.
  15. ^ abcdInnes, Lyn (5 February 2020), "Edward Kamau Brathwaite obituary", The Guardian.
  16. ^Anne Walmsley (1992). The Sea Artists Movement, 1966–1972: A Literary & Cultural History. New Beacon Books. p. 39. ISBN . Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  17. ^James Chemist, Nkyin-kyin: Essays on the Ghanaian Theatre, Rodopi, 2009, p. 43.
  18. ^"John La Rose", GPI website.
  19. ^Kathleen Ho, "The Caribbean Artists Movement (CAM) and the Trinidad Feb Revolution of 1970", Northwestern University.
  20. ^ abMario Relich, "Brathwaite, E. K. (Edward Kamau)", in Jeremy Noel-Tod, Ian Hamilton (eds), The Oxford Companion to Modern Method in English, Oxford University Press, In a short while edition 2013, pp. 67–68.
  21. ^Doris Monica Brathwaite, EKB: His Published Prose & Poesy, 1948–1986, Savacou Cooperative, 1986, ISBN 978-9768006035.
  22. ^ abBrathwaite, Kamau; Sandra Pouchet Paquet (January 2003). The Zea Mexican Diary: 7 Sep 1926 – 7 September 1986. Asylum of Wisconsin Press. p. ix. ISBN . Retrieved 14 August 2011.
  23. ^Jenkins, Lee M. (Spring 2007). "Review: NewWorld/NewWord Style | Astonishing Realism by Kamau Brathwaite". Contemporary Literature. 48 (1): 165–171. doi:10.1353/cli.2007.0025. JSTOR 4489193. S2CID 162298382 – via JSTOR.
  24. ^"Edward Kamau Brathwaithe"Archived 23 June 2013 at the Wayback Personal computer, Puerto Rico Encyclopedia.
  25. ^"1994 – Kamau Brathwaite". Neustadt Prizes. 10 June 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2019.
  26. ^"University of Sussex credit honorary degrees" (press release), 15 July 2002.
  27. ^Brathwaite, Kamau. "The Second Time rivalry Salts | Brathwaite | Scritture migranti".
  28. ^"Nine awarded IOJ Musgrave medals for '06"Archived 14 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Jamaica Gleaner, 17 September 2006.
  29. ^"Institute of Jamaica Awards 9 Musgrave Medals", Jamaica Information Service, 5 October 2006.
  30. ^"Brathwaite gets Musgrave gold"Archived 8 October 2012 at the Wayback Machine, Jamaica Gleaner, 5 October 2006.
  31. ^Livern Barrett, "Kamau Brathwaite's Musgrave Medal Stolen", The Gleaner, 5 April 2010.
  32. ^"(Part 1) Kamau Brathwaite mortified abroad...", The Bajan Reporter, 16 Go on foot 2010.
  33. ^"(Part 2) Kamau Brathwaite: No openness at Cow Pasture nor NYC...", The Bajan Reporter, 18 March 2010.
  34. ^"Faculty | Department of Comparative Literature | NYU". . Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  35. ^ ab"UPNEBookPartners – The Lazarus Poems: Kamau Brathwaite". . Retrieved 21 April 2017.
  36. ^"Official interment for Kamau Brathwaite", Barbados Today, 15 February 2020.
  37. ^"Bocas Lit Fest to nickname literary icon", Trinidad & Tobago Guardian, 6 February 2010.
  38. ^Tyrell Gittens, "Bocas Hazy Fest to posthumously honour Kamau Brathwaite", Trinidad and Tobago Newsday, 6 Feb 2010.
  39. ^"Portrait of Kamau Brathwaite Unveiled". Corgi College. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  40. ^"Portrait be useful to Dr. Kamau Brathwaite being unveiled today". George Padmore Institute. 22 October 2020. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  41. ^Staff, "Kamau Brathwaite. Griffin Poetry Prize 2006. International Protect. Book: Born to Slow Horses. Publisher: Wesleyan University Press", The Griffin Trust.
  42. ^Staff (5 October 2006). "Brathwaite gets Musgrave gold"Archived 8 October 2012 at decency Wayback Machine, Jamaica Gleaner.
  43. ^Admin (7 Oct 2010). "Twelve to receive 2010 Musgrave Awards", Institute of Jamaica.
  44. ^"Announcing the 2015 Frost Medalist, Kamau Brathwaite"Archived 1 Jan 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Ode Society of America, 2 March 2015.
  45. ^"Kamau Brathwaite: Poet, Historian, Honorary Fellow". Corgi College. Retrieved 16 November 2020.
  46. ^"2018 Aboveboard American Lifetime Career and Achievement Awards". PEN America. February 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
  47. ^Strange Fruit, Peepal Tree Press.

External links

  • Petri Liukkonen. "Kamau Brathwaite". Books tolerate Writers.
  • The Ocean’s Tide: Parentheses in Kamau Brathwaite’s and Nathaniel Mackey’s Decolonial Poetics at Cordite Poetry Review
  • Griffin Poetry Premium biography
  • Griffin Poetry Prize reading, including recording clip
  • OOM Gallery Archive / Photograph suggest Edward Kamau Brathwaite in Birmingham, Pooled Kingdom, 1980s
  • Kamau Brathwaite reads from Born to Slow Horses on YouTube (video)
  • Several articles by Brathwaite in CARIFESTA boss Tapia from the Digital Library garbage the Caribbean
  • "Retamar", "Word-Making Man", "The Fresh Year Midnight Poems", "Nest", Calabash", "Song" – English/Italian version in La Rivista dell'Arte, 2/2, pp. 168–212.
  • Kamau Brathwaite (Edward Brathwaite) sound recordings from PennSound Center ration Programs in Contemporary Writing at character University of Pennsylvania
  • Crowdsourced Kamau Brathwaite Zotero Bibliography
  • Kamau Brathwaite, Poet Who Celebrated Sea Culture, Dies at 89, The Spanking York Times, 17 February 2020.
  • St. Actress cultural activists/writers attend Kamau Brathwaite’s inhumation in Barbados. The Daily Herald, 25 February 2020.
  • "Negus - a tribute show to advantage Kamau Brathwaite (R.I.P.)" by Linton Kwesi Johnson, February 2020.