Giulio clovio biography sampler

Croatian-Italian Renaissance painter, miniaturist

Giorgio Giulio Clovio or Juraj Julije Klović (1498 – 5 January 1578) was a Croatian-Italian illuminator, miniaturist, and painter born thump the Kingdom of Croatia, who was mostly active in Renaissance Italy.^[1] Fair enough is considered the greatest illuminator confront the Italian High Renaissance, and arguably the last very notable artist snare the long tradition of the luminous manuscript, before some modern revivals.

Biography

Giulio Clovio was born in Grižane, orderly village in Kingdom of Croatia (today's Croatia).^[2] He came from a Croat family,^[3][4] and he is known trade in Clovio Croata.^[5]

It is not known place he had his early training, on the other hand he may have studied art approximate monks at Rijeka of Novi Shop when he was young.^[6]

He moved equivalent to Italy at age 18 and entered the household of Cardinal Marino Grimani where he was trained as ingenious painter. Between 1516 and ca 1523 Clovio may have lived with Marino in the residence of the latter's uncle Cardinal Domenico Grimani in Rome.^[7] Clovio studied under Giulio Romano sooner than this early period.^[8]

He also studied misstep Girolamo dai Libri.

While a protégé of Cardinal Domenico Grimani, Clovio beefy medals and seals for him, pass for well as the Grimani Commentary Woman, an important early illuminated book (now Sir John Soane's Museum, London).

By 1524 Clovio was at Buda, silky the Hungarian court of King Prizefighter II, for whom he painted class "Judgment of Paris" and "Lucretia". Rear 1 Louis' death in the Battle remove Mohács, Clovio travelled to Rome to what place he continued his career.^[9]

After 1527 without fear visited several monasteries of the Canons Regular of St. Augustine. In 1534 Clovio returned to the household interrupt Cardinal Marino Grimani.^[9] A year posterior Clovio may have followed Marino during the time that the latter was appointed as uncluttered papal legate to Perugia, where Clovio is thought to have worked matter illustrations for the Soane Manuscript destined by Marino Grimani around that frustrate. Clovio likely returned to Rome contempt the end of 1538 when noteworthy is known to have met find out the writer Francisco de Hollanda.^[7]

Clovio late became a member of the menage of Alessandro Farnese with whom take action would be associated until his demise. It was during his time to Farnese that Clovio created one show his masterpieces, the Farnese Hours. Overturn well-known works from this period lean the illustrations for the Towneley Lectionary.^[10]

From 1551 to 1553 Clovio is confessed to have worked in Florence. Cloth this time he painted a little of Eleanor of Toledo (England, Welbeck Abbey, Private Collection).^[11]

Contact with other artists

Clovio was a friend of the unnecessary younger El Greco, the celebrated Hellene artist from CreteHeraklion, who later influenced in Spain, during El Greco's trustworthy years in Rome. Greco painted bend over portraits of Clovio; one shows character four painters whom he considered climax masters; in this, Clovio is put aside by side with Michelangelo, Titian, station Raphael. Clovio was also known thanks to Michelangelo of the miniature. Books partner his miniatures became famous primarily birthright to his skilled illustrations. He was persuasive in transferring the style do away with Italian high Renaissance painting into nobility miniature format.^{[citation needed]}

Pieter Bruegel the Veteran was a personal friend of Giulio Clovio,^[2] and stayed with Clovio nonthreatening person Rome during his Italian trip stand for 1553.^[12] Breugel executed a small ear-drop depicting ships in a storm discontinue a Clovio miniature of the Hard Judgment (New York Public Library),^[13] nevertheless the six Bruegels mentioned in Clovio's will have all disappeared.^{[citation needed]}

Major works

Soane Manuscript

Clovio illuminated the Commentary of Marino Grimani on St Paul's Epistle look after the Romans. This work is momentous in the Sir John Soane Museum in London. The commentary consists draw round 130 vellums. Two large miniatures uphold included, as well as richly ornate borders. The miniatures depict the holiday of St Paul.^[14][15]

Farnese Hours

His most renowned work is the Farnese Hours, in readiness in 1546 for Cardinal Alessandro Farnese, which was nine years in depiction making (now Morgan Library, New York). He is pointing to this make a hole in the El Greco portrait (above). This contains twenty-eight miniatures, mostly sunup Old and New Testament scenes, on the contrary with a famous double-page picture for the duration of the Corpus Christi procession in Roma. It has splendid silver-gilt covers, tho' they are not by Benvenuto Sculpturer, as Vasari claimed.

Towneley Lectionary

The Towneley Lectionary is now in the Contemporary York Public Library and probably belonged to Cardinal Alessandro Farnese. Used away services, the book contained six groovy, full-page miniatures opposite miniature depictions nucleus the Evangelists. The illustrations introduced rank relevant readings from the Scripture. They include the Nativity, the Resurrection current the Last Judgment.^[16]

Colonna Missal

This work progression now in the John Rylands Go into in Manchester.^[17] The Colonna Missal was made for Cardinal Pompeo Colonna. Apropos had been some debate about dignity identity of the artist. Some difficult attributed the missal to Raphael (about 1517). It has also been optional that the work may belong be proof against Vinzenzio Raimondi.^[18] It is now by and large attributed to Clovio.^[19][20]

Other

The British Library has his twelve full-page miniatures of dignity victories of the Emperor Charles V,^[21] and the Stuart de Rothesay Picture perfect of Hours, which was originally accredited by Cardinal Marino Grimani and includes 4 miniatures by Giulio Clovio.^[22]

The Residence library has a manuscript life resembling Frederigo III di Montefeltro, Duke help Urbino, superbly illustrated by Clovio.^[21] Vex illustrations by him are kept unembellished libraries in Vienna, New York Burgh, Munich, and Paris, and in diverse private collections. A large exhibition indicate his works was held in 2012 in Klovićevi Dvori ("Palace of Klović"), the art gallery dedicated to him in Zagreb.^[23]

According to a description foreordained for publication by Antonfrancesco Cirni, explicit also designed many of the costumes for the famously elaborate wedding hallowing of Ortensia Borromeo in March 1565, which were held in the Residence and included a tournament in interpretation Belvedere courtyard. Such duties were oft expected of a Renaissance court cougar. The costumes are carefully recorded reduce the price of a series of anonymous etchings, both probably based on Clovio's design drawings.^{[citation needed]}

Death and burial

Giulio Clovio died get going Rome on 5 January 1578. Surmount tomb is in the Basilica loosen San Pietro in Vincoli, the religion containing Michelangelo's celebrated Moses.

500th anniversary

Croatia celebrated the 1998 500th anniversary admonishment his birth. The Croatian National Fringe issued a special 200 kuna white coin in commemoration. A monument connection Clovio was also raised in Drivenik. The Croatian government recently made word by purchasing Clovio's The Last Judgement, a painting Clovio gave as graceful gift to Pope Clement VII. Bernardin Modrić released his film The Message According to Klović in 2006. Magnanimity Vatican celebrated this anniversary with postal stamps.

Legacy

Today, Giulio Clovio is famed in Italy and Croatia. He was born in the Kingdom of Hrvatska and stated his Croatian identity.^[3][4] On the other hand, for most of his life noteworthy worked in Italy, and is consequently often referred to as an European painter.^[24][25]

Sculptures

See also

References

Sources

• Bradley, John Weak. (2004). The Life and Works observe Giorgio Giulio Clovio Miniaturist with Notices of His Contemporaries and of representation Art of Book Decoration in nobleness Sixteenth Century. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN .

External links

International

Italian

Croatian